Tax
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
To tax (from the Latin taxo; "I estimate", which in turn is from tangō; "I touch") is to impose a financial charge or other levy upon a taxpayer (an individual or legal entity) by a state or the functional equivalent of a state such that failure to pay is punishable by law.
Taxes are also imposed by many subnational entities. Taxes consist of direct tax or indirect tax, and may be paid in money or as its labour equivalent (often but not always unpaid). A tax may be defined as a "pecuniary burden laid upon individuals or property owners to support the government […] a payment exacted by legislative authority."[1] A tax "is not a voluntary payment or donation, but an enforced contribution, exacted pursuant to legislative authority" and is "any contribution imposed by government […] whether under the name of toll, tribute, tallage, gabel, impost, duty, custom, excise, subsidy, aid, supply, or other name."[1]
The legal definition and the economic definition of taxes differ in that economists do not consider many transfers to governments to be taxes. For example, some transfers to the public sector are comparable to prices. Examples include tuition at public universities and fees for utilities provided by local governments. Governments also obtain resources by creating money (e.g, printing bills and minting coins), through voluntary gifts (e.g., contributions to public universities and museums),by imposing penalties (e.g,, traffic fines), by borrowing, and by confiscating wealth. From the view of economists, a tax is a non-penal, yet compulsory transfer of resources from the private to the public sector levied on a basis of predetermined criteria and without reference to specific benefit received.
In modern taxation systems, taxes are levied in money, but in-kind and corvée taxation are characteristic of traditional or pre-capitalist states and their functional equivalents. The method of taxation and the government expenditure of taxes raised is often highly debated in politics and economics. Tax collection is performed by a government agency such as Canada Revenue Agency, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) in the United States, or Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs (HMRC) in the UK. When taxes are not fully paid, civil penalties (such as fines or forfeiture) or criminal penalties (such as incarceration)[2] may be imposed on the non-paying entity or individual.
Kod nas taksa ima jednostavnije značenje kao npr. taksa na fiksni telefon, taksa na mobilni telefon, taksa na struju u obliku TV pretplate RTS i RTV 1 i 2 kanala, taksa na kuče i sve ostale takse u okviru bruto iznosa dohotka koje odlaze u zdravstvene i penzione fondove koje ili ne koristimo jer se lečimo kod privatnika ili nećemo dočekati jeć ćemo pre toga biti pokojni.
Stepen taksativnosti u demokratskom okruženju je znatno veći nego u nedemokratskom, možda napredak ima svoju cenu a možda taksa za parking služi da nekom drugom bude bolje a nekom gore, mogu da pomenem i taksu za autoput (koji inače to nije) na relaciji NS BGD NS, verovatno je naskuplja u evropi i za jedno popodne dolaska i odlaska treba da izdvojite 5 eura...toliko se u mađarskoj potroši za nedelju dana vozikanja po njihovom autoputu koji to zaista i jeste.A ako poželite da siđete dalje južno, npr do Niša, tog dana ćete samo na takse izdvojiti (u oba pravca) oko 40 eur........ za toliko novca u Austriji možete da se vozite mesec dana autoputem.
Ako sam propustio neku od taksi, molim Vas da se u nastavku nadovežete...:)
